One problem is that "web components" is not a thing, you don't make "a web component". "Web Components" is the name a stack of three things that, taken together, make up the Web Components API.
You don't really make "a web component", what you make is a Custom Element, which might use a Shadow DOM, and might use an HTML template. Three things of which the most important one is the custom element.
With the core concept being that you're just making "more HTML elements", everything you can do with those, including which attributes and JS API they support, is up to you, and the way you put them on a page, the way you interact with them, the way you listen for events on them, etc. etc. is the exact same as any other HTML element. If you known how to write web pages the "old school" way, then you already know how to use custom elements. You just need to learn how to declare them.
You don't really make "a web component", what you make is a Custom Element, which might use a Shadow DOM, and might use an HTML template. Three things of which the most important one is the custom element.
With the core concept being that you're just making "more HTML elements", everything you can do with those, including which attributes and JS API they support, is up to you, and the way you put them on a page, the way you interact with them, the way you listen for events on them, etc. etc. is the exact same as any other HTML element. If you known how to write web pages the "old school" way, then you already know how to use custom elements. You just need to learn how to declare them.