The only difference is a selection of basic types. There's just no such types as string or int in Perl, Perl is a contextually polymorphic language whose scalars can be strings, numbers, or references (which includes objects). Although strings and numbers are considered pretty much the same thing for nearly all purposes, references are strongly-typed, uncastable pointers with builtin reference-counting and destructor invocation.
Reflection you need to use, whether it be with interface{} in Go or with $scalar in Perl is runtime thing. reflect.TypeOf(tst), ref($tst) - there's no much difference.
Type mismatch errors for basic types are handled in compile time, be it Go or Perl.
